A

absInt, 571

• () (call operator), 571

abstract base class, 610, 649

• BinaryQuery, 643

• Disc_quote, 610

• Query_base, 636

abstract data type, 254, 305

access control, 611–616

• class derivation list, 596

• default inheritance access, 616

• default member access, 268

• derived class, 613

• derived-to-base conversion, 613

• design, 614

• inherited members, 612

• local class, 853

• nested class, 844

• private, 268

• protected, 595, 611

• public, 268

• using declaration, 615

access specifier, 268, 305

accessible, 611, 649

• derived-to-base conversion, 613

Account, 301

accumulate, 379, 882

• bookstore program, 406

Action, 839

adaptor, 372

• back_inserter, 402

• container, 368, 368–371

• front_inserter, 402

• inserter, 402

• make_move_iterator, 543

add, Sales_data, 261

add_item, Basket, 633

add_to_Folder, Message, 522

address, 33, 78

adjacent_difference, 882

adjacent_find, 871

advice

• always initialize a pointer, 54

• avoid casts, 165

• avoid undefined behavior, 36

• choosing a built-in type, 34

• define small utility functions, 277

• define variables near first use, 48

• don’t create unnecessary regex objects, 733

• forwarding parameter pattern, 706

• keep lambda captures simple, 394

• managing iterators, 331, 354

• prefix vs. postfix operators, 148

• rule of five, 541

• use move sparingly, 544

• use constructor initializer lists, 289

• when to use overloading, 233

• writing compound expressions, 139

aggregate class, 298, 305

• initialization, 298

algorithm header, 376

algorithms, 376, 418

• see alsoAppendix A

• architecture

• _copy versions, 383, 414

• _if versions, 414

• naming convention, 413–414

• operate on iterators not containers, 378

• overloading pattern, 414

• parameter pattern, 412–413

• read-only, 379–380

• reorder elements, 383–385, 414

• write elements, 380–383

• associative container and, 430

• bind as argument, 397

• can’t change container size, 385

• element type requirements, 377

• function object arguments, 572

• istream_iterator, 404

• iterator category, 410–412

• iterator range, 376

• lambda as argument, 391, 396

• library function object, 575

• ostream_iterator, 404

• sort comparison, requires strict weak ordering, 425

• supplying comparison operation, 386, 413

• function, 386

• lambda, 389, 390

• two input ranges, 413

• type independence, 377

• use element’s == (equality), 385, 413

• use element’s < (less-than), 385, 413

• accumulate, 379

• bookstore program, 406

• copy, 382

• count, 378

• equal_range, 722

• equal, 380

• fill_n, 381

• fill, 380

• find_if, 388, 397, 414

• find, 376

• for_each, 391

• replace_copy, 383

• replace, 383

• set_intersection, 647

• sort, 384

• stable_sort, 387

• transform, 396

• unique, 384

alias declaration

• namespace, 792, 817

• template type, 666

• type, 68

all_of, 871

alloc_n_copy, StrVec, 527

allocate, allocator, 481

allocator, 481, 481–483, 491, 524–531

• allocate, 481, 527

• compared to operator new, 823

• construct, 482

• forwards to constructor, 527

• deallocate, 483, 528

• compared to operator delete, 823

• destroy, 482, 528

alternative operator name, 46

alternative_sum, program, 682

ambiguous

• conversion, 583–589

• multiple inheritance, 806

• function call, 234, 245, 251

• multiple inheritance, 808

• overloaded operator, 588

AndQuery, 637

• class definition, 644

• eval function, 646

anonymous union, 848, 862

any, bitset, 726

any_of, 871

app (file mode), 319

append, string, 362

argc, 219

argument, 23, 26, 202, 251

• array, 214–219

• buffer overflow, 215

• to pointer conversion, 214

• C-style string, 216

• conversion, function matching, 234

• default, 236

• forwarding, 704

• initializes parameter, 203

• iterator, 216

• low-level const, 213

• main function, 218

• multidimensional array, 218

• nonreference parameter, 209

• pass by reference, 210, 252

• pass by value, 209, 252

• uses copy constructor, 498

• uses move constructor, 539, 541

• passing, 208–212

• pointer, 214

• reference parameter, 210, 214

• reference to const, 211

• top-level const, 212

argument list, 202

argument-dependent lookup, 797

• move and forward, 798

argv, 219

arithmetic

• conversion, 35, 159, 168

• in equality and relational operators, 144

• integral promotion, 160, 169

• signed to unsigned, 34

• to bool, 162

• operators, 139

• compound assignment (e.g., +=), 147

• function object, 574

• overloaded, 560

• type, 32, 78

• machine-dependent, 32

arithmetic (addition and subtraction)

• iterators, 111, 131

• pointers, 119, 132

array, 113–130

• [] (subscript), 116, 132

• argument and parameter, 214–219

• argument conversion, 214

• auto returns pointer, 117

• begin function, 118

• compound type, 113

• conversion to pointer, 117, 161

• function arguments, 214

• template argument deduction, 679

• decltype returns array type, 118

• definition, 113

• dimension, constant expression, 113

• dynamically allocated, 476, 476–484

• allocator, 481

• can’t use begin and end, 477

• can’t use range for statement, 477

• delete[], 478

• empty array, 478

• new[], 477

• shared_ptr, 480

• unique_ptr, 479

• elements and destructor, 502

• end function, 118

• initialization, 114

• initializer of vector, 125

• multidimensional, 125–130

• no copy or assign, 114

• of char initialization, 114

• parameter

• buffer overflow, 215

• converted to pointer, 215

• function template, 654

• pointer to, 218

• reference to, 217

• return type, 204

• trailing, 229

• type alias, 229

• decltype, 230

• sizeof, 157

• subscript range, 116

• subscript type, 116

• understanding complicated declarations, 115

array

• see alsocontainer

• see alsosequential container

• [] (subscript), 347

• = (assignment), 337

• assign, 338

• copy initialization, 337

• default initialization, 336

• definition, 336

• header, 329

• initialization, 334–337

• list initialization, 337

• overview, 327

• random-access iterator, 412

• swap, 339

assert preprocessor macro, 241, 251

assign

• array, 338

• invalidates iterator, 338

• sequential container, 338

• string, 362

assignment, vs. initialization, 42, 288

assignment operators, 144–147

associative array, seemap

associative container, 420, 447

• and library algorithms, 430

• initialization, 423, 424

• key_type requirements, 425, 445

• members

• begin, 430

• count, 437, 438

• emplace, 432

• end, 430

• equal_range, 439

• erase, 434

• find, 437, 438

• insert, 432

• key_type, 428, 447

• mapped_type, 428, 448

• value_type, 428, 448

• override default comparison, 425

• override default hash, 446

• overview, 423

associativity, 134, 136–137, 168

• = (assignment), 145

• ?: (conditional operator), 151

• dot and dereference, 150

• increment and dereference, 148

• IO operator, 155

• overloaded operator, 553

at

• deque, 348

• map, 435

• string, 348

• unordered_map, 435

• vector, 348

ate (file mode), 319

auto, 68, 78

• cbegin, 109, 379

• cend, 109, 379

• for type abbreviation, 88, 129

• of array, 117

• of reference, 69

• pointer to function, 249

• with new, 459

auto_ptr deprecated, 471

automatic object, 205, 251

• see alsolocal variable

• see alsoparameter

• and destructor, 502

avg_price, Sales_data, 259